DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS OF SODIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE AND POTASSIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE AND STUDY OF THEIR EFFECTIVENESS IN WHEAT PLANT NUTRITION

Abstract

This study investigates the optimal synthesis conditions of sodium hydrogen phosphate (Na₂HPO₄) and potassium hydrogen phosphate (K₂HPO₄) and evaluates their effectiveness in improving wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) nutrition. The phosphates were synthesized via controlled neutralization of phosphoric acid with the corresponding alkali sources under varying temperature, pH, and molar ratio conditions. The obtained products were characterized by physicochemical analysis to confirm phase purity and composition. A vegetation experiment was conducted to assess their influence on wheat growth parameters, including germination rate, biomass accumulation, and nutrient uptake efficiency. The results demonstrated that the optimized synthesis conditions ensured high-yield formation of pure hydrogen phosphates. Application of the synthesized compounds significantly enhanced wheat growth and phosphorus assimilation compared with the control treatment. The findings indicate that sodium and potassium hydrogen phosphates produced under optimized conditions can serve as effective phosphorus-containing agrochemical agents for improving wheat nutrition and productivity.